Dharmapala Kamboja was probably the last ruler of .[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] He ruled Dandabhukti-mandala in Vardhamana-bhukti in the first quarter of eleventh century and was contemporary of Rajendra Chola (reign 1012-1044) of Chola dynasty of Deccan.[8][9][10]
- One king named Dharmapala ruling in Dandabhukti finds mention in the Tirmulai Inscription of Rajendra Chola which he issued in his 13th regnal year (about 1025 AD).[11][12][13][14][15] Scholars identify this Dharmapala of the Tirmulai Inscription with the Dharmapala of the Kamboja-Pala Dynasty ruling in Dandabhukti in the first quarter of the 11th century. It has also been suggested that when threatened by Pala rulers of Bengal, Dharmapala, this last ruler of the Kamboja-Pala Dynasty of Bengal, might have sought help from Rajendra Chola of the Chola Dynasty.[16][17]
- Chidambaram Inscription Tamil language, found in Chidambaram refers to one Kamboja (Kambosha-raja) ruler who made a beautiful stone gift as a curio (katchi) to (Kulotunga) Rajendrasoladevar (i.e. Rajendra Chola) which with latter’s permission, was embedded in front row of the edirambalam of the Nataraja temple:
- Rajendra sola devarku Kambosha-rajan katchiyaaga kattina kallu, idu
- udaiyar rajendra sola devar tiruvaai molindaruli udaiyar
- tiruchrirramblam udaiyar koyilil mun vaittadu indakkallu tiruvedir
- ambalattu tiru kkai sarattil tiru mum pattikku melai ppattiyille vaittadu'.[18]
- Karandai (Tanjavur or Tanjore) plates (v.48) (Sanggham Copper Plate Charter) of about 1020 issued by Rajendra Chola (c. 1012 - 1044) in the eighth year of his reign states that a Kamboja king solicited friendship of Rajendra Chola by sending him for the protection of his royalty (atmalaksmim) a victorious war-chariot with which he (Kamboja king) had defeated the armies which opposed him in battle. The inscription issued in the eighth year of his reign (1020) contains a significant verse in its separate Sanskrit section and it refers to one Kamboja Raja:
- Kamboja-rajo ripu-raja sena-jaitrena yen= ajayad=ahaveshu |
- tarn prahinot prartthita-mitra-bhavo yennai ratham ||.[25]
References
- ? The Dacca University Studies - 1935, p 133, University of Dacca
- ? The Indian Historical Quarterly, 1963, p 508 India; History of Bengal, I, p 139
- ? Some Historical Aspects of the Inscriptions of Bengal: Pre-Muhammadan Epochs, 1942, p 380, Benoychandra Sen - Bengal (India).
- ? The People and Culture of Bengal, a Study in Origins, 2002, p 562, Annapurna Chattopadhyaya.
- ? Ancient India, History and Archaeology, 1994, p 53, Dilip Kumar Ganguly.
- ? Journal of the Varendra Research Museum, p 109, Varendra Research Museum - Bangladesh.
- ? The Early Rulers of Khajur?ho, 1877, p 63, Sisirkumar Mitra; Abhinandana-Bh?rat?: Professor Krishna Kanta Handiqui Felicitation Volume, 1982, p 110, Krishna Kanta Handiqui, Pratap Chandra Choudhury, Biswanarayan Shastri; Cf: J.O.R., XIX, p 151.
- ? See refs: The Early Rulers of Khajur?ho, 1977, p 63, Sisirkumar Mitra
- ? The Indian Historical Quarterly, 1963, p 508.
- ? The Early History of Bengal: From the Earliest Times to the Muslim Conquest, 1939, p 82, Pramode Lal. Paul.
- ? Journal of the Varendra Research Museum, 1972, p 109, Varendra Research Museum, Varendra Research Museum - Bangladesh.
- ? The Orissa Historical Research Journal, 1975, p 114, Kedarnath Mahapatra, Orissa (India) Superintendent, Research and Museum, Orissa State Museum - Orissa (India).
- ? West Bengal District Gazetteers, 1965, p 73, Editor Jatindra Chandra Sengupta.
- ? Historical geography and dynastic history of Orissa, up to the rise of the imperial Ga?gas, 1975, p 66, Dilip Kumar Ganguly.
- ? Cf: The Early Rulers of Khajur?ho, 1958, p 62-63, Sisirkumar Mitra; Ancient Indian History and Civilization, 1999, p 281, Sailendra Nath Sen.
- ? Some Historical Aspects of the Inscriptions of Bengal: Pre-Muhammadan Epochs., 1942, p 399, Benoychandra Sen.
- ? Ancient Kamboja, People & the Country, p 333-335, Dr J. L. Kamboj
- ? Epigraphia Indica, Vol V, pp 105-106, (Editor) E. Hultsch; A Comprehensive History of India, 1957, p 39, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta Sastri, Indian History Congress; History of Tamilnad, 1978, p 222, N. Subrahmanian - Tamil Nadu (India); Ancient Kamboja, People & the Country, p 333-335, Dr J. L. Kamboj; Kamboja Through the Ages, 2005, p 13, Kirpal Singh
- ? A Comprehensive History of India, 1957, p 15, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta Sastri, Indian History Congress - India.
- ? Indian Historical Quarterly, 1939, Item notes: v.15 1939, p 508, Published by Calcutta Oriental Press, India .
- ? Some Historical Aspects of the Inscriptions of Bengal: Pre-Muhammadan Epochs, 1942, pp 380, 399, Benoychandra Sen - Bengal (India).
- ? History of Bengal, Vol I, p 139, Edi. R. C. Majumdar, Reprint, Delhi, B.R. Publishing, 2003, ISBN 81-7646-238-1.
- ? Ancient Kamboja, People & the Country, p 333-335, Dr J. L. Kamboj
- ? cf: Decline of kingdom of Magdha, p 413, f.n. 2; Sinha B. P; Cf: Journal of Oriental Research, Madras (JOR), XIX, pp. 151.
- ? From Sanskrit section of Sangham Copper Plate Charter, See: Journal of Indian History: Golden Jubilee Volume, 1973, p 114, T. K. Ravindran, Trivandrum, India (City). University of Kerala. Dept. of History, University of Kerala; The Journal of Oriental Research, 1952, p 151, Kuppuswami Sastri Research Institute, Indo-Aryan philology.
- ? Journal of Indian History, 1973, p 114, T. K. Ravindram, University of Kerala, Department of History.
- ? .The C?las, 1955, p 220, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta Sastri, - Chola (Indic people); Encyclopaedia of Tamil literature, 1990, p 68, Shu Hikosaka, Institute of Asian Studies (Madras, India), G. John Samuel; A Comprehensive History of India, 1957, p 15, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta Sastri, Indian History Congress; See also: The Journal of Oriental Research, 1952, p 151, Kuppuswami Sastri Research Institute, Indo-Aryan philology.
- ? The Orissa Historical Research Journal, 1975, p 114, Kedarnath Mahapatra, Orissa (India) Superintendent, Research and Museum, Orissa State Museum - Orissa (India).
- ? West Bengal District Gazetteers, 1985, p 87, Editor Jatindra Chandra Sengupta; Also see: West Bengal District Gazetteers, 1965, p 63, West Bengal (India), Jatindra Chandra Sengupta - West Bengal (India) - 1965.
- ? Indian Historical Quarterly, 1939, Item notes: v.15 1939, p 508, Published by Calcutta Oriental Press, India.
- ? Some Historical Aspects of the Inscriptions of Bengal: Pre-Muhammadan Epochs, 1942, pp 380, 399, Benoychandra Sen - Bengal (India).
- ? History of Bengal, Vol I, p 139, Edi. R. C. Majumdar, Reprint, Delhi, B.R. Publishing, 2003, ISBN 81-7646-238-1.
- ? Ancient Kamboja, People & the Country, p 333-335, Dr J. L. Kamboj; The Dacca University Studies - 1935, p 133, University of Dacca; Ancient India, History and Archaeology, 1994, p 53, Dilip Kumar Ganguly; Abhinandana-Bh?rat?: Professor Krishna Kanta Handiqui Felicitation Volume, 1982, p 110, Krishna Kanta Handiqui, Pratap Chandra Choudhury, Biswanarayan Shastri; cf: Decline of kingdom of Magdha, p 413, f.n. 2; Sinha B. P; Cf: Journal of Oriental Research, Madras (JOR), XIX, pp. 151.
- ? Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress, 1953, p 10, Indian Science Congress Association, Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal).